A couple of things. Looking around, more and more integrated amps, and similar products, are bypassing having a preamp section altogether, taking the source and switching, only, into the amp stage. My top of the line Sony cd player, many years ago, mention in the owners manual, to go from the variable out, into the power amp. This " passive " thing is not new, and it is gaining momentum each day. About a week ago, I decided to bypass my preamp and come straight out of my fixed level dac, and specifically used a lower wattage, pro Yamaha amp, with it"s input level controls. Using my Sheffield Labs Drum Record, I so much prefer no preamp. I am currently shopping for a passive, with multiple inputs, as the amp I would like to use is very high gain ( it was designed to be used with the source voltage driving it ). It is likely I will never use a preamp again. Enjoy ! MrD.