How to Judge an LP

Hi, Peter. I have been record collecting for 30 years, and the first thing you'll need is a way to clean the used records, because many will be very playable under the coating of dirt that is commonly on them. When people are selling records, they generally don't have them cleaned for you. You have to do it yourself. This will elevate quite a number of noisy LPs into the playable category.

Now to judge them, you need to be able to look through the dirt at the actual surface of the record. Generally, if the surface is shiny, that is a good sign. Very dull surfaces typically indicate high wear. But not always. Slight marks that could have been caused by the paper sleeve are not a concern for playability. Even slight scratches that are not deep, may not even be a cause for concern, although they may possibly be slightly heard. The method that I have determined about the playability of scratches(from visual inspection) is that if the scratch goes across the blank band between tracks, and is not making a mark across the blank band, then it is likely to be ok. If it is deep enough to make a mark across the blank bands, then it is probably not ok. This is not to say that you may not hear the "ticks" as it passes the scratched areas, but they will probably not be any worse than a dust "pop" or other random noise that you will get on a used LP. Other damage such a gouges or divots, are much more likely to make the record unplayable, at least on the songs where they appear. I have bought many albums with what appears to be disqualifying damage, because the damage is a gouge, and it is not on any of the songs that I want to play on that album. If all the songs I want from that album, are not affected, I'll buy it anyway, if it is a low price.

Now, when you get the album home, and play it, even after cleaning, you can have a record that sounds like crap, because sometimes you just cannot see visually, the wear that has occurred. This happens fairly often, and is just part of the deal when you buy used records. If it has been played on a poor TT,then it may have some of the highs shaved off. During those passages, you'll just hear a "cchhhhh" where the singer is belting out a high note, or something. That record is history. Nothing can be done about that. I have bought records that looked perfect, that were afflicted with that problem. That is just the luck of the draw.

Nothing is automatically rejected until you look at it closely. I have bought many records which had no inner sleeve.

Now alot of people might reject some records that I would keep, because I can clean them, and I have a very good TT and phono section that keeps noise to a minimum, and I have been listening to LPs all my life, and I have learned to not be overly sensitive to certain kinds of noise. Very finicky people should only buy new records, because they will be too finicky to accept any flaw that might appear on a used record. And used records will have flaws. You learn to be more accepting of this, when you are trying to get an LP that has been out of print for 40 years, and you have only seen 1 copy in your life, and it is in your hands, and it looks like it might have some wear. It is better to have some kind of copy, just to have the music, than it is to reject that copy, and you may never see that album again. This has happened to me a number of times.

Oh, and regarding warps, a very smooth long warp, will be more likely playable, than a short peaky warp. If it looks like a "ripple" then leave it alone. Non-flat records with gradual warps can sometimes sit flat on the TT if you have a record clamp. Dish warps are bad, and will usually make at least one side of the record unplayable, at least for the outer track or two.

Hm, hm TWL you make the whole used lp thing sound soooo appetizing! I bought my first lp in over a decade (possibly a decade and a half) the other week (Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers, Caravan, a German import on ZYX, originally a Riverside release) and it was brand new. I have not played it yet for fear of causing it harm or of the ultimate vinyl let-down... It takes a strong constitution to go for used vinyl. I always believed lps were quite fragile. If you wanted to keep them in good shape, only TLC would do. Now with this vinyl renaissance, it appears the aficionado believes that they are very sturdy and accepts records in really inferior condition. Obviously, they still produce sound even when scuffed and scratched, but is it what most people would want to hear? I got quite a shock in the shop where I bought this lp to see the fellow there going over some sad looking newly received used lps and cleaning them with a hand towel or dish towel! He had some lighter fluid on the counter as well as some other cleaning agents. I really don't know if he was using the lighter fluid on the records' surfaces themselves, but one thing I noticed is that the records looked quite shiny once he had finished with the towel treatment. So shiny records in shops, beware! Unless your hobby is vinyl record collecting, do yourself a favour, buy them new, or at least from an original owner who you can believe took good care of them. TWL your list of defects is accurate. I think they are way more prevalent than what you think and way more objectionable. You seem to almost like these defects and think it something of a challenge to play these records, good for you. Whether vinyl is better than the other little discs should be assessed only with pristine lps, I think. Sort of like a handicap race come to think of it. From the mid-fi trenches. Good day.

I have found slight warps can be straightened out by placing the album between two pieces of glass, and putting weight on it for an extended period of time.

Also, I don't know why, but older mono records can look really bad and still play fairly quiet.

A trick for finding records at yard sales. If you don't see any records, ask loud enough so everyone around can hear. More than once I have been led to another location to find a nice stash.

The above points are good, but even new LPs are a gamble. For instance, I recently purchased the new Linda Thompson LP and it's a bad pressing. A huge mark on one side (which is audible) and random noises throughout. You never know what you're going to get new or used, but with used LPs the rummage sale prices often make them well worth the gamble (if they look relatively scratch free, that is).

Peter,

Listen to Twl. You'll get the hang of buying used once you've taken the plunge a few times. The gouge thing is something you should pay particular attention to. I've seen quite a few gouges on new LP's and they play perfect. You'll get to a point where you can tell with reasonable accuracy if the gouge is a manufacturing event or caused by mishandling.

Pbb, would you please stop with the negative comments when a poster wants some analog help? Again, I assert that you have never heard an excellent analog player set up properly. It seems all you want to do is "take the wind out of his sail". Most of us vinyl-heads don't do a wholesale condemnation of digital even if we believe vinyl to be sonically superior. Please post the general location where you live. Perhaps a member in your area will be gracious enough to invite you over for an audition. You may email me and arrange a visit. I promise to be a gracious host and will make a great meal if you bring the wine. I'll let you select any vinyl from my collection for critical listening and promise that for desert you'll be eating your words.