The dean of the mechanical engineering school where I went told us that the final exam would be to design a ten ton crane hook, and stand under it as full load was applied.
For most things, worst case analysis is not conservative enough...a "safety factor" is added. However, sometimes you must go with something less than worst case, so that a failure is not impossible. The best example of this that I know is the plumbing of a multifloor apartment house. You simply cannot design for the situation where every toilet in the building is flushed at the same moment. Few airplanes have the structural strength to withstand aerodynamic forces that the pilot can easily cause by manipulation of the controls. (And I fly to Arazona tomorrow).
For most things, worst case analysis is not conservative enough...a "safety factor" is added. However, sometimes you must go with something less than worst case, so that a failure is not impossible. The best example of this that I know is the plumbing of a multifloor apartment house. You simply cannot design for the situation where every toilet in the building is flushed at the same moment. Few airplanes have the structural strength to withstand aerodynamic forces that the pilot can easily cause by manipulation of the controls. (And I fly to Arazona tomorrow).

