A short in the speaker should be audible at moderate levels; one or more of the drivers would not be working. It is also an unlikely scenario. Failures in speakers are typically something burning up because they were over driven. This results in an open, not a short. It is possible that something is physically touching inside that causes a short but you should be able to put your ear up to each driver and see if it is working.
The other simple test, assuming you have access to another set of speakers, is seeing if it blow fuses on another set.
.
The other simple test, assuming you have access to another set of speakers, is seeing if it blow fuses on another set.
.