Wax. Some cleaners dry up the pressing release agent, but do not remove it. So it is a dry, ultra thin layer of waxy (invisible until scraped) white stuff uniform on the surface. Your needle scrapes it off. It is no big deal. Change cleaning fluids if you want to stop having it.
If not, it is NOT hurting anything
It is sort of like dandruff. Some LPs will have it, some will not.