???Why The HUGE Discrepancy in Sensitivity Ratings???


I'm shortlisting speakers & have noticed a HUGE difference in the sensitivity ratings provided by manufacturers & what they actually measure.For example the Martin Logan Motion 35XT is specd at 92db.sens.@1 watt & yet actually measured at 87db!At least 4 different pair of speakers on my list are the same,specd at 90db or better @1 watt yet NONE measured better than 87db so what gives?
freediver
freediver,
i'm looking at the M-L 35XT speaker manual & on the last page, the specs read:
Sensitivity = 92dB @ 2.83V / meter.
You can find the manual here:
http://www.martinlogan.com/pdf/manuals/manual_motion_35xt.pdf

The speaker is clearly noted as a 4 Ohms speaker.
If you input 2.83V into 4 Ohms (after you calculated V^2/R) you get an input of 2W.
Usually the standard is to input 1W into an 8 Ohm speaker. 
So, for the M-L Motion 35XT we have to compensate/normalize to bring Sensitivity number to an equivalent 8 Ohms so you can do an apples-apples comparison with other speakers.
We need to halve the number of input watts to 1W Or double the input speaker impedance to 8 Ohms (which will also yield an input of 1W).
In either case, the output SPL should drop by 3dB (assuming the speaker SPL response is linear in this region & is being fed by power well within its handling capacity. This should be the case as 1W is well within the power handling capacity of the speaker which also means its not distorting hence response should be linear).
So, in effect the M-L Motion 35XT Sensitivity is 92-3 = 89dB.
You say it's measuring 87dB ( I could not find a review that said this. Can you please provide a link? Thanks).
it's not out of the ordinary to lose 2dB due to measurement setup issues. And, like others wrote, the spec could be in-room & the measurement could be in an anechoic chamber. 
Anyway, you should view the M-L Motion 35XT as an 89dB sensitivity speaker; not 92dB. 

I am very guilty of using the term sensitivity and efficiency interchangeably and really they are, a more efficient speaker will play louder than a less efficient speaker, but in the truest sense...

Loudspeaker efficiency is defined as the sound flux or sound power at output divided by the electrical power input...

Sensitivity is how loud a speaker plays with a given input.   I defer back to 1 watt of power measured 1 meter away anechoic. 

Tim

These last posts from timlub, erik_squires and bombaywalla should be carved in stone.

I have a website. I have a frequency response section. I come right out and tell everyone: if your stupid enough to believe these figures, I won't sell you a pair of speakers.
 
We've all been lied to for so long, we actually want to read it, and believe it.

A day will come, when we let our 'EARS' determine how good a speaker is, and not the shite a marketing department exhales. Don't get me started on 'reviewers', and there single minded endeavor (endeavour for us Canadians) to garner more advertising dollars. We're a long way away.

Listen to the speakers. If they don't put the performers in the room with you, cross them off your list. Marketing garbage.

I agree with nonoise.
Well  aww shucks!! No ones ever offered to carve my words in stone before. 

Im flattered.

Erik